Dear Chidera, federalism allows the creation of ethnic-based federating units (States). Federalism in Nigeria - Wikipedia Peter W I L F R E D Naankiel, FRED EKPE F. AYOKHAI, Covenant University Journal of Politics and International Affairs, African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, Institutional Engineering and the Survival of Nigerian Federalism, " Managing a Plural Society : the Boomerang Effects of Nigerian Federalism' Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics , 27, 1-2 (July 1989), 218-245, An Historical Interrogation of Federalism berlin, THE PRACTICE OF TRUE FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE NIGER DELTA QUESTION, "The dawn of constitutionalism in Nigeria in Mbondenyi, M. K., and Ojienda T. Nigeria thus consists of various ethnic groups and sub-national states, all of which are at the mercy of the Central government. The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. ), Constitutionalism, Constitution Making and Constitutional Reform in Africa: Contemporary Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa, Chapter IX: The politics and policies of oil deregulation in Nigeria: Implications and policy suggestions. Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. (Tanzi, 1996). Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? After nearly three decades of cumulative military rule, the country returned to civilian governance in 1999 under a presidential system of government. Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. What are the reasons Nigeria adopted the Federalism system of government in Nigeria? Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. Pls visit us again dear reader. /F7 24 0 R Federalism in Canada - Canada.ca The Political Economy and Un-ending Search, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Federalism, Military Legacies and the Restructuring Debate in Contemporary Nigeria, Federalism, Decentralisation and the Liberalisation of Business Environment in Nigeria, Hands Behind their backs: Making a case for a region-centred restructuring framework, Nigerian Pseudo-Federalism and the Agitations for Restructuring, The evolution of fiscal centralism and strong centre federalism in Nigeria An historical analysis, The Nigerian fiscal formulas and the agitations for resource control in the Niger delta region of. The Legacy of Biafra: An Investigation into trauma as National Identity Fragmentation, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, ETHNIC SCHISM IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-LITERAY STUDY OF CHINUA ACHEBE'S THERE WAS COUNTRY. Since a strong bond links the process through which constitutions are produced and their degree of acceptance and effectiveness, questions over the Constitutions legitimacy prompted parliament to amend it in 2010. Payment Details. In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. It came about following the necessity for administrative convenience and managerial expenses. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Insecurity and the desire for union are the main reasons for the shift from unitary system of government to federal system of government in 1954. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria - Samphina 7 Reasons for Federalism in Nigeria: Why Nigeria Adopted Federal System 2. Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. This paper is a critical exploration of the current challenges bedeviling the Nigerian state, capable of heating up the polity and disintegrating the Nigerian project. Nigeria and Ghana can not easily form a country chiefly because they are not geographically contiguous. Nigeria has been dubbed as a product of British colonial suturing. /Type /XObject This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. RESTRUCTURE OR DISINTEGRATE, OFFICIAL CORRUPTION AND THE DILEMA OF INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA, The Rationale for AfSol in Peace and Security: The Global, National and Regional Precipitants, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Giving Peace a Chance in Nigeria: The Case for a Preventive Diplomacy, Framing of Neo-Biafra Agitations in Selected Nigerian Newspapers, CRISES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE MIDDLE BELT REGION, Social Media and Hate Speech: Analysis of Comments on Biafra Agitations, Nigeria. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. This paper consequently argues that the anxiety as well as angst attributable to this agitation has the tendencies of not only disrupting the relative-peace presently enjoyed by the various groups, but is also, if not controlled, capable of plunging the country into a state of economic comatose and perpetual fragility. This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. Also see: Differences between Cross-offers and counter-offers, five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria. Policy Brief on the agitation for cessation of Biafra republic from the Nigerian state, response to the agitation and the options to address the issues. Despite that, instead of unity, cooperation and consensus, there has been apparent division, disagreement, and dissension. /Width 371 Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. The paper suggested that fiscal and political restructuring as panacea for the instituted conflicts and underdevelopment caused by quasi federalism through ongoing review of the 1999 constitution. The proximity of the tongues and tribes in Nigeria made it possible for the adoption of federalism in the country. /F5 18 0 R stream - Cooperative or "marble-cake" federalism is de ned as a exible relationship between the national and state government in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs. It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. NIGERIAN FEDERALISM: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS - Academia.edu However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. Federalism is a defined or is said to be the system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere coordinate and are independent. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. Federalism also in this manner, preserves cultures of the minorities from being drowned in the ocean of the cultures of the majorities. Changes in Branch Office Registration Requirements Over the years the fiscal federalism in Nigeria has crystallised and remained . There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. Hon. According to Ayoade (2009:iii): Nigerians have come to identify the first republic 1960- 66 as the golden age of federalism in Nigeria. In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. At the heart of these crises are weak democratic institutions, which are sustained by bad leadership and a culture of impunity. % Federalism - Federal Features of Indian Constitution For UPSC! Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. a group of selected academic teachers this book is suitable for adoption as a resource for a case driven approach to teaching "Corporate Governance" courses at an upper undergraduate or graduate level. or this it really helped me, Your email address will not be published. Critically, after that train, every other train went to Nigeria from Nigeria, indicating the enormity of the wall of enmity demarcating Nigeria from the sovereign State of Biafra. It has severally been emphasized by both the Northern and Western politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 7714 www.ijhssi.org Volume 2 Issue 8 August. If you answer to the above questions is no, then you lucky to be here. The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. Nigeria- Constitutional Developments Political Economy Judiciary and The advanced economies where Nigeria had borrowed leaves from, such as USA practice federalism. 4 Topics . There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. (PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. /BitsPerComponent 8 The contradictions generated by this rigional arrangement threatened Nigeria unity. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. The paper identifies and discusses the problems associated with separatist movements and how they affect national and social security, and argues that while the definition of state failure is contested and therefore Nigeria cannot yet be called a failed state, but certainly a fragile state. This simply means that federalism in Nigeria provides accommodation, an institutional arrangement which gives the component units equal and coordinate jural status. It is our pleasure. The Attorney General sought to know whether the 13% sharing formula of the oil producing states should include revenue from oil producing states should include revenue from oil production activities off shore. The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol.8, no.2, . Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Ethnic Minorities and Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR (PDF) Nigeria: a model of federalist ethnic conflict management or By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. Reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria - Legit.ng This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. INTERNAL COLONIALISM IN NIGERIA Some of the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria are the diversity of the nation and the desire for political, cultural and social identity of a people of over 250 ethnic groups, several languages, diversities and a lot of political traditions; the desire for some form of Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br The Complete Material Will Be Sent To Your . Does Federalism Make Sense For The Philippines? - Forbes It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. 1954 Lagos Constitutional Conference In Nigeria (Decisions) - Kofa Study Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions. Nigeria. Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? Problems of Nigerian Federalism 1) Revenue Allocation: This has been a problem in Nigeria. 7 Functions of Nigerian Federalism - Information Guide in Nigeria The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. Federalism: Federal Features in the Colonial State." A chronology of critical events in Nigeria's political development from the adoption of a federal system in 1954 to the present is provided in Table 1. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. By and large, it is the nature of the relationship of the federal and state governments that determines whether a state is federal or unitary. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. % %PDF-1.5 ICT services have help in the improvement of the markets, reduction in transaction costs and increase . /Length 3884 ICT and Its Impact on National Development In Nigeria: An Overview reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? Prof. Jan Robert Go of the Department of Political Science, UP Diliman. It needs proper review so that the country can move forward as a nation. /F3 12 0 R SjHw`d"*z;3N&W3k]:}N\t+5 (Nw3hW"T"aDV$V e. The benefits of federalism are that it can encourage political participation, give states an incentive to engage in policy innovation, and accommodate diverse viewpoints across the country. |4-Iv It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Some of the reasons include preservation of identities. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it.