Josh wishes to be passionately loved, rich, and muscular. Paul commutes to and from work each day. Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation. This pattern can be attributed to statistical regression. A. planning fallacy keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. B. disparaging oneself (false modesty) to elicit reassurance. B. specific; inflated C. they move on and try to do better Definition. C. high self-efficacy This is an example of, When William James spoke of "wakening the associations," he was referring to, According to a study in Europe, women who take their husbands name tend to earn about __ as much as women who keep their birth name, Research on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic indicates that. The three types of social influence are information social influence, situational factors, and normative social influence. Social loafing is the tendency for people to exert less effort when working toward a common goal in a group than when working individually. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. D. remains constant. This best illustrates the ____ effect. Social psychology is interested in how the group affects the individual and vice-versa. B. family situation Wing Tung is using ____ to improve his thinking. This shows our desire to gain the approval of and to avoid the disapproval of other people. A. small, selective university 10. thinking about her boyfriend even more than she was before. B. B. low; low -You have a general sense of what cats are like, how they behave, and how they are different from other animals. The field of social cognition first emerged in the __________ as __________. Introducing Cram Folders! the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors. When asked whether it is more likely that Roger is (a) ridiculously rich, or (b) both ridiculously rich and someone who wears designer clothes, most people answer (b). Sociology is the study of groups of people. C. illusion of transparency; self-reference D. variabel (depending on if it is related to school or not), Which saying reflects the false consensus effect? Why is it that when we try not to think of something, we end up imagining exactly that? D. general; inflated, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: Research demonstrates that, in counterfactual thinking, people engage in far more __________ than __________. A. B. less attractive than others This pattern is known as, Reducing errors and biasing by getting people to use controlled rather than automatic processing is called, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"PSY330 - Chapter 5","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/psy330-chapter-5-3854445","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? C. the false consensus effect. What are the three types of social influence in regards to conformity? Why does a manager need to evaluate the solution and look for problems after a solution has been implemented? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. Research indicates that __________ and __________ are the two main motivations underlying the self-serving bias. What is the difference between compliance and obedience? The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: A. cooperation B. communality C. collectivism D. groupthink, When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect . That is, he was challenged to engage in. This was early evidence of the phenomenon known as. B. we are more vulnerable to depression After that meeting, Elenita decides that Hispanics in general must be independent and outspoken. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. Describe the major characteristics of the garage coverage form. A. the left hemisphere D. social comparison, Benjamin is able to adopt his behaviors so that he can fit in with any group of people. B. possible selves Because most people are cognitive misers, they tend to __________ as little as possible. Once he feels like he knows that, he goes on. A. independent self D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others. The student is very independent and outspoken on their first meeting. In this study, participants were asked to read an essay that was supposedly written by another student. If you ask Raquel about her stocks, she makes self-serving attributions; she says: "I was very clever to invest in that first company, but I just had bad luck losing so much money with the other one." C. learned helplessness This is the False Uniqueness Definition that is shared across psychological research. It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. Which of the following will NOT help debias someones thinking? Attitudes are evaluative reactions toward things, events, and other people. B. external Correct Answer: Access For Free. B. conservative D. learned helplessness, Political conservatives tend to be economic _______ and moral _______. Meanwhile, Jim thought the book was witty and provocative, and he seems to think that the reviewer shares HIS views. This common misconception stems most directly from, People who think they have a hot hand after winning five poker hands in a row tend to think that. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Development, Life-Span Approach, Normative age graded influences and more. B. weak However, researchers have also found that. and more. Believing that other people think and act the same way we do can be beneficial to our self-esteem. C.rewards and distance ourselves from punishment D. an internal locus of control, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. D. low, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. C. learned hopelessness Credit Solution Experts Incorporated offers quality business credit building services, which includes an easy step-by-step system designed for helping clients build their business credit effortlessly. Argh!" B. pete D. neither individual achievement nor relationships. Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. A. ourselves as superior to the competitor B. overestimate The false uniqueness effect is the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and successful behaviors. A. liberal take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures. This study explored which concept mentioned in the text? consistency is perceived to be high, but consensus and distinctiveness are perceived to be low. You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. B. experience great difficulty. C. the self-serving bias. D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual A. more nervous while speaking B)Turning down the opportunity to help out at the local homeless shelter. -After ordering a cheeseburger for lunch, Dorothy thinks to herself, "well, my diet is already blown for the day; I might as well order a dessert too." D. emotions, Which of the following is false? Attributing failures to dispositional causes rather than situational causeswhich are unchangeable and uncontrollablesatisfies our need to believe that the world is fair and that we have control over our lives. How does the "That's-not-all" compliance technique work? Marshabecause of the simulation heuristic, Suppose that you are a landlord for an apartment building, and one of your tenants, Gus, has just paid his rent with a "bad check" (i.e., you tried to deposit his rent check in the bank, but the check "bounced" and was returned to you). Who is likely to be more disappointed? A. strong persuasion -say that the last flip is more likely to be heads OR say that the last flip is more likely to be tails. -"Another Great Professor Let Go as a Result of Budget Cuts", The term "cognitive miser" was coined to refer to. You have no idea how old he is. If Letha commits the one-shot illusory correlation, she will. We tend to think that others would agree with us or see things our way. Please select the correct language below. She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. C. social rank C. we can overcome anything C. general; truthful Social psychology is the study of people in a group. C. poor self-esteem A. it helps protect us from depression Attribution is the process by which people explain their own behavior and the behavior of others. How did Asch's study prove the concept of normative social influence? 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names In part 2, be sure to explain how this example matches the effect you have chosen. Greg finds out that his application was flat out rejected (he never had a chance), while Marsha finds out that she was the first runner up (she nearly won). Psychology questions and answers. D. more aggressive, When asked "Who are you?" D. self-serving bias. B. self-schema Yogurt that is "low fat" can be described as "95% fat free" or as "5% fatty." B. self-monitoring C. individuality C. thoughts A. compare ourselves to close friends or an external attribution ("Did I say something to provoke him?"). The essay was always about Castro, but it was either pro-Castro or anti-Castro. However . It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. Please sign in to share these flashcards. C. more positively Confucius just fell down a flight of stairs. A. school performance D. other-centered, The extent to which we evaluate our abilities and opinions by comparing ourselves to others is called: This future self-schema you imagine is an example of a/an: counterfactual thinking. Given the research on cognitive errors and biases, it can be concluded that. B. for Japanese college students, happiness comes with positive social engagement In a recent study, Gentile et al. The bystander effect is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual How would you frame the issue here? When asked whether it is more likely that Ingrid is (a) a teacher, or (b) both politically liberal and a teacher, most people answer (b). Some income from capital is taxed twice. D. an external locus of control, High school students who finished near the top of their class are more likely to experience a threat to their academic self-esteem if they attend a: B. disparaging oneself (false modesty) to elicit reassurance This student is the only Hispanic person she has ever known. The false uniqueness effect is. -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. B. social comparison In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. Research indicates that the topic people think about MOST is. D. 80%; 60%. Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. Polina is 3 years old. . D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, Persons from western cultures (e.g., America, England), relative to persons from eastern cultures (e.g., China, Korea), tend to: How does the fundamental attribution error (FAE) differ from the actor-observer effect (AOE)? Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. However, some people who saw media reports on the hurricane victims did not understand this. A. self-esteem then it is unclear what type of attributions people will make. A. personality What is the difference between internal attribution and external attribution? C. peaks and then drops sharply But Mr. Y thinks that George W. only became president because he was "in the right place at the right time," and had good luck. What is the false consensus effect quizlet? Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. . According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. B. self-handicapping The only difference is whom it comes from. B. success and distance ourselves from failure If Raquel is like most people, then she will MOST likely. B. weak 41%; 90% Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others, The tendency to perceive oneself favorably is referred to as: B. collectivism Although he drives by himself he often speeds along in the carpool lane on the highway. The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. D. self-value, What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem? D. traditionalists; progressives, When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people: A. individualistic C. fear B. self-serving bias C. successfully predict B. audience effect C. implicit When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." Suppose that a coin is flipped 20 times. A. you are the best predictor of your behaviors She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth) is known as, Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking. phobias, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. B. negatively D. individualism, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. D. slightly, Researchers reported a _______ correlation between persistence and self-efficacy. The first 19 flips are all heads. It is the tendency to be unduly optimistic than pessimistic about future life events. According to research on the actor-observer effect, people have a tendency to make relatively more __________ for their own behaviors but relatively more __________ for others' behaviors. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. A role comes socially expected pattern of behavior for it, which impact both behavior and attitudes. The actor-observer bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. D. knowing others better than we know ourselves, In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird) cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)? That is, you make use of, The automatic system of the duplex mind makes use of a series of mental shortcuts in order to obtain quick information about the likelihood of different outcomes. B. conservative Recently, Krueger and Clement (1997; see also Krueger, 1998) argued that the simple assumption that all respondents believe they are in the majority, regardless of true major-ity status, can account for both the false consensus effect and the uniqueness bias. That is, one of the things you are likely to ask about is, Roger is a member of his town's most exclusive country club. D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: The test requires people to look at the written names of several colors ("green," "red," "blue," etc. A. social rank the distinction between automatic thinking and controlled thinking. Counterregulation occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. Examples of impact bias For example, gaining or loosing a romantic partner, getting or not getting a promotion . D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. A. raise; decrease A. collective narcissism After the winning touchdown was scored he said "This has made my month and nothing is going to bring me down from this!" people who share one's most prized. B. the duration why people tend to overestimate the degree to which members of minority groups engage in criminal behaviors. B. feared possible self A. narcissists have higher IQs A. they don't care If you think a person is uncooperative, you may act in an uncooperative way in your interactions with the person. A. high self-esteem Social psychologists would say that Mr. X is making __________ attributions for Bush's success, while Mr. Y is making __________ attributions. The ultimate attribution error is similar to the fundamental attribution error except that it refers to attributions that are __________ as opposed to __________. Mark is likely to score _____ on measures of self-esteem and _____ on measures of self-efficacy. the false uniqueness effect. When you go to a restaurant, you know that there is a certain sequence of things that you need to do: (a) wait to be seated, (b) order, (c) eat, and then (d) pay. A. positively the false uniqueness effect. A. failure and distance ourselves from success to underestimate the number of other. B. terror management theory The older students get, the more variance there is in their reading test scores. C. mirror-self Language is richer in situation-type terms than trait terms. D. social identity, Blaming the tree for getting in your way after you crashed the car is an example of: A. postive This is referred to as our: Social psychologists use the term __________ to refer to activating a concept in mind. The researchers found that. What is the difference between social psychology and sociology? a. The opposite of a cognitive miser would be someone who. people who share one's most prized. This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. He tells Kirk, If you dont start working out soon, you are going to die young and leave your children without a father! Dr. Canne is using a(n). It is more difficult to explain false uniqueness. B. the self-serving bias. C. everyone does it!